The difference between hard alloy CNC cutting tools and ordinary cutting tools？

Hard alloy CNC cutting tools, commonly referred to as carbide or tungsten carbide cutting tools, differ from ordinary cutting tools in terms of material composition, hardness, wear resistance, and overall performance. 

Here are the key differences between hard alloy CNC cutting tools and ordinary cutting tools:

1. Material Composition:

Hard Alloy CNC Cutting Tools:

Hard alloy cutting tools are typically made from cemented carbide, which consists of tungsten carbide (WC) particles as the hard phase and a metal binder, often cobalt (Co).

Tungsten carbide provides exceptional hardness and wear resistance, while the binder adds toughness and strength.

Ordinary Cutting Tools:

Ordinary cutting tools are commonly made from high-speed steel (HSS), tool steel, or other conventional materials.

These materials may not exhibit the same level of hardness and wear resistance as tungsten carbide.

2. Hardness and Wear Resistance:

Hard Alloy CNC Cutting Tools:

Tungsten carbide is extremely hard and offers superior wear resistance. This hardness allows hard alloy tools to withstand high cutting speeds and maintain sharp cutting edges for extended periods.

Ordinary Cutting Tools:

Ordinary cutting tools, especially those made from HSS, may not have the same level of hardness and wear resistance as hard alloy tools. They may wear more quickly, especially in high-speed machining applications.

3. Tool Life:

Hard Alloy CNC Cutting Tools:

Hard alloy cutting tools generally have a longer tool life due to their superior wear resistance. This leads to reduced tool changes and increased machining productivity.

Ordinary Cutting Tools:

Ordinary cutting tools may experience shorter tool life, requiring more frequent tool changes, especially in demanding machining conditions.

4. Performance in High-Speed Machining:

Hard Alloy CNC Cutting Tools:

Tungsten carbide tools are well-suited for high-speed machining operations due to their hardness and resistance to wear at elevated speeds.

Ordinary Cutting Tools:

While some high-speed steels are designed for increased cutting speeds, they may not match the performance of hard alloy tools in terms of wear resistance and tool life at high speeds.

5. Applications:

Hard Alloy CNC Cutting Tools:

Commonly used in CNC machining, milling, turning, and other precision machining applications where hardness, wear resistance, and extended tool life are critical.

Ordinary Cutting Tools:

Used in various machining applications but may be more suitable for less demanding conditions or for operations where cost considerations are a primary factor.

6. Cost:

Hard Alloy CNC Cutting Tools:

Tungsten carbide tools are often more expensive than ordinary cutting tools. However, their longer tool life and superior performance may justify the higher initial cost.

Ordinary Cutting Tools:

Generally more cost-effective initially but may require more frequent replacements, impacting overall costs in the long run.

In summary, hard alloy CNC cutting tools, with their composition of tungsten carbide, offer superior hardness, wear resistance, and tool life compared to ordinary cutting tools made from conventional materials like high-speed steel. The choice between the two depends on the specific machining requirements, material being processed, and the desired balance between initial cost and long-term performance.